PENGARUH KAFEIN PADA RESPONS TUBUH MANUSIA: DARI STIMULASI  HINGGA KETERGANTUNGAN

Calvin Alexander Sinaga; Robertus Idealistis Bago

doi:10.36989/didaktik.v12i01.12261

Calvin Alexander Sinaga Universitas Efarina
Robertus Idealistis Bago Universitas Efarina

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v12i01.12261

Keywords: Caffeine, stimulation, dependence, nervous system

Abstract

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world and has stimulating effects on the central nervous system. It is commonly used to enhance alertness and performance. However, excessive consumption may lead to negative effects such as sleep disturbances, anxiety, and dependence. This study aims to analyze the effect of caffeine consumption on human physiological responses, particularly stimulation and dependence.This study used a quantitative cross-sectional design with 60 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using Chi-Square and logistic regression tests.The results showed that 58.3% of respondents had high caffeine consumption, 63.3% experienced high stimulation, and 56.7% showed dependence. There was a significant relationship between caffeine consumption and stimulation (p=0.002) as well as dependence (p=0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that caffeine consumption was the most dominant factor influencing dependence (OR=5.21).In conclusion, caffeine has beneficial stimulatory effects but excessive consumption increases the risk of dependence.

References

Chen, X., & Wang, Y. (2022). Effects of caffeine consumption on cognitive performance and alertness. Journal of Nutrition and Health, 14(2), 85–92.

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). (2022). Scientific opinion on the safety of caffeine. EFSA Journal, 20(5), 6594.

Glade, M. J. (2021). Caffeine—not just a stimulant: A review of its effects on health. Nutrition Journal, 20(1), 1–10.

Kim, J., & Park, S. (2023). The relationship between caffeine intake and sleep quality among adults. Sleep Medicine Reports, 5(1), 45–52.

Lee, S. Y., & Kwon, H. J. (2021). Caffeine consumption and anxiety symptoms in young adults. Journal of Behavioral Health, 10(3), 210–217.

Mitchell, D. C., Knight, C. A., Hockenberry, J., Teplansky, R., & Hartman, T. J. (2022). Beverage caffeine intakes in the U.S. population. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 63, 136–142.

Nawrot, P., Jordan, S., Eastwood, J., Rotstein, J., Hugenholtz, A., & Feeley, M. (2020). Effects of caffeine on human health. Food Additives & Contaminants, 37(2), 193–205.

Temple, J. L. (2021). Review: Trends, safety, and recommendations for caffeine use in children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(1), 36–45.

World Health Organization. (2023). Caffeine intake and health effects: A global perspective. Geneva: WHO.

O’Callaghan, F., Muurlink, O., & Reid, N. (2021). Effects of caffeine on sleep quality and daytime functioning. Sleep Health, 7(3), 315–320.