Analisis Literatur: Miskonsepsi pada Konsep Ikatan Kimia dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembelajaran IPA Dasar
Abstract
Misconceptions about basic chemical concepts are still often found since science learning in elementary school because students have difficulty understanding abstract and submicroscopic concepts. This research aims to analyze the forms of misconceptions regarding chemical bonding material and their implications for science learning in elementary schools based on a literature review. The research uses a literature study method with data sources obtained from Google Scholar, SINTA, and Scopus. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques through the stages of organizing, synthesizing, identifying, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that many misconceptions are found in the concepts of valence electrons, electron configurations, ionic bonds, covalent bonds, Lewis structures and particle representation. Difficulty understanding abstract concepts causes students to tend to build understanding based on concrete experience and simple reasoning. This pattern of misconceptions is also found in science learning in elementary schools so that it can influence understanding of chemistry at the next level. Therefore, science and chemistry learning needs to be designed more conceptually and based on visualization to help students build scientific understanding gradually since elementary education.
Keywords: Misconceptions, Chemical Bonds Elementary School Science Learning; Abstract Concept;literature Review
References
Adi, Y. K., & Oktaviani, N. M. (2019). Faktor-faktor penyebab miskonsepsi siswa SD pada materi life processes and living things. Profesi Pendidikan Dasar, 6(1), 91-104.
Alharbi, A. A. (2025). Cognitive learning approach to enhance university students' visualization of molecular geometry in chemical compounds: A case study in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 18(1), 101283.
Artini, N. K. W. (2023). Jelajahi hambatan pendidikan: penelusuran faktor-faktor kesulitan belajar ipa pada kelas VI sd nomor 1 pangsan. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Rare Pustaka, 5(2), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.59789/rarepustaka.v5i2.181
Gennen, T. (2023). Conceptual change and education: The neglected potential of developmental teaching approaches. Human Development, 67(2), 88-107.
Guerra-Reyes, F., Guerra-Dávila, E., Naranjo-Toro, M., Basantes-Andrade, A., & Guevara-Betancourt, S. (2024). Misconceptions in the learning of natural sciences: A systematic review. Education Sciences, 14(5), 497.
Herrmann, A., Schulze, C., Lange-Schubert, K., & Saalbach, H. (2025). The influence of teacher talk on primary school students’ learning in science: A person-centered approach to analyzing conceptual change. Learning and Instruction, 100, 102216.
Husen, F. A., & Wulandari, F. (2025). Pengaruh media game edukasi Zep Quiz terhadap pemahaman konsep IPA siswa di sekolah dasar pada materi perubahan wujud benda. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 15(3), 940-947. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v15i3.3051
Ilhami, A. (2022). Implikasi teori perkembangan kognitif Piaget pada anak usia sekolah dasar dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 7(2), 605-619. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v7i2.6564
Kartika, A. E., Negara, S. P. J., Almur, F., Afni, N., Agussalim, H., & Bunyamin, A. B. N. (2025). Pengenalan konsep kimia dasar. Bojong: Penerbit NEM.
Lahinda, C. G., & Tuerah, J. M. (2022). Analisis Miskonsepsi Siswa Pada Materi Hukum Dasar Kimia Menggunakan Two-Tier Diagnostic Test Di SMA Negeri 1 Tatapaan. Oxygenius, 3(1), 35-39. https://doi.org/10.37033/ojce.v3i1.268
Meltafina, M., Wiji, W., & Mulyani, S. (2019, February). Misconceptions and threshold concepts in chemical bonding. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1157, No. 4, p. 042030). IOP Publishing.
Nadia, N., Rabiah, N. H., Nuraini, I., Saputri, R. D., Sukemi, S., & Khoirunnisa, F. (2025). Video pembelajaran kimia: media untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan hasil belajar peserta didik: Chemistry learning videos: media to enhance concept understanding and student learning outcomes. Bivalen: Chemical Studies Journal, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.30872/bcsj.v8i1.4909
Nurwidiyanti, A., & Sari, P. M. (2022). Pengembangan media pembelajaran flipbook berbasis literasi sains pada pembelajaran IPA sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 6949-6959.
Özmen, H. (2004). Some student misconceptions in chemistry: A literature review of chemical bonding. Journal of science education and technology, 13(2), 147-159.
Parisu, C. Z. L., Saputra, E. E., & Lasisi, L. (2025). Integrasi literasi sains dan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar. Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE), 5(1), 864-872. https://doi.org/10.31004/jh.v5i1.2281
Sari, Y., Irawati, R. K., & Rahmawati, H. (2023). Practicality of Web-Based Four-Tier Test to Identify Student's Misconceptions in Chemical Bonding Materials. JPPS (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Sains), 12(2), 108-121.
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Suparman, A. R., Rohaeti, E., & Wening, S. (2024). Student misconception in chemistry: A systematic literature review. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 14(2), 238-252.
Suryati, S., Adnyana, P. B., Ariawan, I. P., & Wesnawa, I. G. A. (2024). Integrating Constructivist and Inquiry Based Learning in Chemistry Education: A Systematic Review. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia, 12(5), 1166-1188.
Vonari, I. V., Sidauruk, S., & Asi, N. B. (2024). Analisis Kesulitan Siswa SMA Dalam Memahami Konsep Ikatan Kimia (Systematic Review). Jurnal Ilmiah Kanderang Tingang, 15(2), 433-442.
Warsito, J., Subandi, S., & Parlan, P. (2021). Identifikasi miskonsepsi siswa pada topik ikatan kimia serta perbaikannya dengan pembelajaran model ECIRR (Elicit, Confront, Identify, Resolve, Reinforce) (Doctoral dissertation, State University of Malang).
Wati, E., Samsudin, A., Saepuzaman, D., & Sözbilir, M. (2025). Trend of applying the conceptual change model in physics learning: Systematic literature review. Jurnal ilmiah pendidikan fisika Al-Biruni, 14(1).
Yovanie, F. (2024). Learning Chemical Bonds in Terms of Identifying Difficulties, Misconceptions, Learning Media, and Learning Models: A Systematic Literature
