PENGARUH MODEL ACTIVE DEBATE TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA SISWA PADA KELAS V MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SD NEGERI 1 SIMPANG TIGA KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH
Abstract
Speaking skill is an important language ability that needs to be developed in elementary school students. However, fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 1 Simpang Tiga still experienced difficulties in expressing opinions, suggestions, and responses orally. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Active Debate learning model on students’ speaking skills in Indonesian language learning. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method using a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 26 students in class V A as the experimental group and 24 students in class V B as the control group, selected through total sampling. Data were collected through a speaking performance test assessed using linguistic aspects of pronunciation, intonation, diction, and fluency, as well as non-linguistic aspects of attitude/confidence, eye contact, gestures and facial expressions, and mastery of material. Data were analyzed using N-Gain, Shapiro-Wilk normality test, homogeneity test, and Independent Sample t-test with IBM SPSS Statistics 31. The mean score of the experimental group increased from 16.81 to 23.81, while the control group increased from 16.42 to 19.17. The mean N-Gain was 0.46 in the experimental group and 0.17 in the control group. The Independent Sample t-test produced a significance value of <0.001, which was lower than 0.05. These findings indicate a significant effect of the Active Debate learning model on students’ speaking skills. The model provides students with opportunities to express opinions, respond to others’ arguments, and defend ideas through structured oral interaction.
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